Renting an apartment in Paris can seem complex, especially for expats or those relocating for work . Between different types of leases, security deposits, notice periods, and rent control, it's essential to fully understand your rights and obligations. This practical guide will help you navigate the Parisian market safely during your relocation .
The two types of leases you should know
In France, there are mainly two types of leases for rental properties:
1. Personal lease agreement: Alur Law
The Alur lease , governed by the law of July 6, 1989, applies when you rent a property as your primary residence . This type of contract protects the tenant and regulates several aspects of the lease.
Consult the official text: Alur Law – government
Main provisions of the Alur lease:
- Security deposit limited to 1 month's rent (2 months for furnished accommodation).
- Regulated notice period: 3 months for an empty property (reduced to 1 month under certain conditions).
- Rent control in certain areas.
- Annual rent increase is regulated and indexed to the IRL (Rent Reference Index).
- Unfair terms prohibited, protection against evictions without due process.
- Regulated agency fees: maximum €12/m² for drafting the lease, €3/m² for the inventory of fixtures.
2. Unregulated lease: Civil Code
The Civil Code lease is not subject to the same rules and applies in three main cases:
- Company lease : the company signs for accommodation intended for an employee.
- Secondary residence : the accommodation is not your primary residence.
- Company accommodation : for certain specific professions.
In these leases, the rent, duration and notice conditions are freely negotiable , which means it is essential to read the contract carefully.
Why is the lease Civil Code developing?
There has been an increase in the number of apartments rented exclusively under Civil Code leases, especially in large metropolitan areas like Paris. The reasons are:
- Circumventing the rent control measures in place for primary residences.
- To escape certain obligations related to housing energy regulations (energy performance diagnosis).
Key points to check before signing your lease
Whether you opt for an Alur or Civil Code lease, here are some essential points to check:
- Lease duration and renewal conditions.
- Amount of the security deposit and terms of return.
- Specific clauses regarding rent increases or charges.
- Inventory of fixtures and equipment provided.
- Notice period and termination conditions.
Sofime's advice for your relocation
- Always read your contract carefully : Civil Code leases may contain very specific clauses.
- Check the guarantees and insurance : security deposit, mandatory home insurance, and any guarantor.
- Prepare your documents : for an Alur lease, the files must be complete (identity documents, proof of income, certificate of previous residence).
